In the coming decades, the oil market will navigate a complex landscape shaped by various global factors, including population growth, economic expansion, technological advancements and an increasing commitment to sustainability. This note provides an overview of Rystad Energy’s long-term oil macro scenarios, highlighting the evolving trajectories of demand, supply and refining. Key areas of focus include the rise of petrochemicals, the transition to electric vehicles in the transportation sector and the challenges and opportunities facing alternative fuels in maritime and aviation.

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